Preheat your air fryer to 375°F (190°C) for 3 minutes.
Cut the tops off the bell peppers and remove the seeds and membranes. If using jalapeños, slice them in half and remove the seeds. In a bowl, mix the shredded queso cheese with cumin, chili powder, garlic powder, and salt.
Add any optional ingredients like ground beef or black beans to the cheese mixture.
Stuff the peppers with the queso mixture, packing it in tightly.
Lightly coat the stuffed peppers with olive oil or spray them with cooking spray.
Place the peppers in the air fryer basket, ensuring they are not touching each other.
Air fry for 8-10 minutes, until the peppers are tender and the cheese is bubbly and golden.
Serve with optional garnishes like sour cream, cilantro, or guacamole.